Endometrial Uterine Cancer Screening
— Know the Signs, Stay Ahead
Endometrial (Uterine) Cancer Screening – Safe Tests, Early Answers
Many women, especially as they get older, have questions or worries about changes in their bleeding patterns. This might include periods that become very heavy or frequent, missing periods when you didn't expect to, or, most concerning, any spotting or bleeding after you've gone through menopause.
Sometimes, these changes are harmless and easy to explain. But, for some women, they could also be important warning signs of something more serious, like endometrial (uterine) cancer.
At Minnerva Clinic, we understand that any unusual bleeding can cause anxiety. That's why we offer safe, gentle, and accurate tests specifically designed to detect problems in your uterus early. Our approach is calm, respectful, and focused on giving you clear answers and peace of mind.
Don’t ignore unusual bleeding. Let’s check it — just to be safe.
What Is Endometrial Cancer?
Let's talk simply about endometrial cancer.
- It's cancer that starts in the lining of the uterus: Your uterus (or womb) is a pear-shaped organ where a baby grows during pregnancy. The inner lining of the uterus is called the endometrium. Endometrial cancer begins when cells in the lining start to grow out of control, forming a tumor.
- One of the most common gynecologic cancers: This means it's one of the more frequently diagnosed cancers that affect a woman's reproductive organs.
- Often found early – and very treatable if caught in time: This is very important to know. A wonderful fact about endometrial cancer is that it often causes symptoms (like unusual bleeding) early on. This means it's usually caught when it's still in its early stages, making it highly treatable and curable. When detected early, treatment is often very successful.
- Mostly affects women over 40, but can appear earlier: While it's most common in women who have gone through menopause or are approaching it (typically over the age of 50), it can sometimes affect younger women, especially if they have certain risk factors like PCOS or obesity.
Understanding what endometrial cancer is can help you know why certain symptoms should be checked out, not ignored. It's about being informed, not alarmed.
Who Is at Higher Risk?
While any woman can develop endometrial cancer, some women might have a higher chance due to certain factors. It’s important to know these risk factors, not to cause worry, but to understand why early screening might be particularly important for you.
You might be at a higher risk if you have:
- Bleeding after menopause: This is the most common and important warning sign. Any bleeding, even just spotting, after your periods have stopped for 12 consecutive months, needs to be checked immediately.
- PCOS (Polycystic Ovary Syndrome) or irregular periods: Women with PCOS often have hormonal imbalances that can cause the uterine lining to grow thicker than normal, increasing risk. Long-term irregular periods (especially if you don't have a period for months) can also be a risk factor.
- Obesity or diabetes: Being overweight or having diabetes can affect your hormone balance, specifically how your body handles estrogen, which can increase the risk of endometrial cancer.
- No pregnancies (nulliparity): Women who have never been pregnant tend to have higher exposure to estrogen over their lifetime, which can slightly increase risk.
- Family history of uterine or colon cancer: If your mother, sister, or grandmother had uterine cancer, or if there's a strong family history of colon cancer, your risk might be a bit higher. This is because some genetic conditions link these cancers.
- Taken estrogen therapy without progesterone: If you've ever taken estrogen-only hormone therapy (usually for menopause symptoms) without also taking progesterone, this can cause the uterine lining to overgrow. (Modern hormone therapy usually includes progesterone to balance this risk.)
- Tamoxifen use: If you’ve taken the breast cancer drug Tamoxifen, it can increase the risk of endometrial cancer, so regular monitoring is important.
If you identify with any of these risk factors, please know that it doesn't mean you will get cancer. It simply means it's even more important to be aware of the warning signs and consider regular screening. We're here to discuss your personal risk factors in a confidential and supportive way.
Common Warning Signs
The good news about endometrial cancer is that it often gives clear warning signs, usually related to unusual bleeding. If you notice any of these signs, it’s not a reason to panic, but it is a reason to get it checked out promptly at Minnerva Clinic. Early detection is your best protection.
Here are the common warning signs:
- Heavy or frequent periods after age 35: If your periods suddenly become much heavier, last much longer, or come much more often than they used to after your mid-thirties, it's worth a check.
- Bleeding between periods (spotting): Any bleeding or spotting that happens when you're not on your period should be investigated, especially if it's new for you.
- Spotting or bleeding after menopause: This is the most important warning sign. If you have gone through menopause (meaning you haven't had a period for 12 continuous months) and then experience any bleeding or spotting, no matter how light, please see a doctor immediately. This is not normal and needs to be checked.
- Pain during sex: While this can be caused by many things, new or worsening pain during sexual activity could sometimes be a sign of changes in the uterus.
- Pelvic pain or bloating: Ongoing pain, pressure, or a feeling of bloating in your lower abdomen (pelvic area) that doesn't go away can sometimes be a sign, though these are also common with other conditions.
- Watery or unusual vaginal discharge: If you notice a thin, watery discharge that might be blood-tinged, or any other unusual discharge that is persistent, it should be checked.
Remember, these symptoms can also be caused by many less serious conditions like fibroids, polyps, or infections. However, because they can be a sign of endometrial cancer, it's crucial to get them checked by a doctor. Don't ignore them, and don't try to self-diagnose. Our team at Minnerva Clinic is here to listen to your concerns without judgment and provide clear answers.
What Tests Do We Use at Minnerva Clinic?
At Minnerva Clinic, we use safe, gentle, and effective tests to investigate unusual bleeding and screen for endometrial cancer. Our approach is designed to be as comfortable and clear as possible for you.
Here are the main tests we might use:
1. Transvaginal Ultrasound (TVS)
This is often the first and simplest test we use to look at your uterus.
What it is: A Transvaginal Ultrasound (TVS) is a gentle scan that uses sound waves to create a picture of your uterus and ovaries. It's done by placing a small, smooth probe (covered with a protective sheath and gel) gently into the vagina.
What it measures: It helps us measure the thickness of your endometrial lining. If the lining is unusually thick, it can be a sign that needs further investigation.
What it can detect: This scan can also detect other common issues like polyps (small growths inside the uterus), fibroids (non-cancerous growths in the uterine muscle), or simply thickened tissue that might be causing bleeding.
How it feels: The test is generally painless, though you might feel a little pressure. It takes only a few minutes to complete and is done right here in our clinic.
Done in-clinic: You won't need to go to another facility for this initial check.
2. Endometrial Biopsy
If the ultrasound shows a thickened lining or other concerning features, or if your bleeding symptoms are significant, an endometrial biopsy might be the next step.
What it is: This involves taking a very small sample of tissue from the lining of your uterus (the endometrium).
What it helps check for: This tiny sample is then sent to a specialized lab to be examined under a microscope. The lab checks for any abnormal cells, precancerous changes, or cancerous cells. This is the most important test for diagnosing endometrial cancer.
How it's done: It's usually done in our clinic without the need for general anesthesia. Your doctor will gently insert a very thin, flexible tube through your cervix into your uterus to collect the tissue sample.
How it feels: You might feel some mild discomfort or cramping, similar to strong period cramps, for a few seconds as the sample is taken. The procedure itself is very quick, typically over in 5–10 minutes. We will talk you through it and help you feel as comfortable as possible.
3. Hysteroscopy (only if needed)
A hysteroscopy is a less common screening test and is usually only done if other tests are unclear or suggest a specific area needs a closer look.
What it is: A hysteroscopy involves using a very thin, lighted tube with a camera on the end (called a hysteroscope) to look directly inside your uterus.
What it helps check for: It helps the doctor get a clear view of the uterine lining to check for any growths, polyps, fibroids, or specific areas that might be causing bleeding. It allows for a very precise look.
How it's done: This procedure might be done in the clinic or in a minor procedure room, sometimes under mild sedation to ensure your comfort, depending on your preference and what needs to be done.
Your doctor at Minnerva Clinic will always explain which tests are recommended for you, why they are needed, and what to expect during the procedure. We believe in clear communication and shared decision-making.
Is It Painful or Dangerous?
It's very common to feel nervous about these tests, especially if you're not sure what to expect. We want to reassure you that:
- These tests are safe and quick: They are routine procedures that are commonly performed and carry very low risks.
- Some may feel slight cramping, but no major pain: For the TVS, you'll feel pressure. For the endometrial biopsy, you might feel a sharp, quick cramp, like a strong period cramp. This discomfort is usually brief and manageable. We are gentle and work quickly. For hysteroscopy, if needed, mild sedation can be used to ensure your comfort.
- Most women go home right after and resume their day: These are outpatient procedures. You won't need to stay in the hospital, and most women feel well enough to go back to their daily activities very soon after.
- All tests are done privately, by a female doctor: Your privacy and comfort are paramount. Our all-women team ensures a respectful and understanding environment for all examinations and procedures.
We prioritize your comfort and peace of mind throughout the entire process. Please feel free to ask us any questions you have about how the tests will feel.
What If Something Is Found?
The thought of an abnormal result can be unsettling. But again, it's very important to remember: don’t panic. Not all changes mean cancer.
Here's what might happen if our tests find something unusual:
If the biopsy shows early-stage cancer or hyperplasia:
- Hyperplasia is when the lining of the uterus becomes too thick and has abnormal cells. This is not cancer, but it can be a precancerous condition that, if left untreated, could turn into cancer.
- If hyperplasia or very early-stage cancer is found, please know that you will be given full options for management. These options might include specific medications (like progesterone therapy) to reverse hyperplasia, or a simple surgical procedure (like a D&C to remove the lining, or in some cases, removal of the uterus if necessary and appropriate).
We explain everything step-by-step: We will sit down with you, explain your results clearly in simple terms, and patiently answer all your questions. We will discuss all available treatment options, explaining their benefits, risks, and what to expect. You will not be rushed into any decision.
Treatment at the early stage is very successful: This is a crucial point. When endometrial cancer or precancerous changes are found early, the success rate of treatment is incredibly high. Most women achieve full recovery. This is why early testing is so powerful and important.
Support for your emotional well-being: We understand that receiving such news can be emotionally challenging. Our team is here to offer not just medical guidance but also empathetic support for any anxiety, fear, or confusion you might be feeling.
Our goal is to act early and effectively, guiding you through every step of the process with compassion and clarity, so you can focus on your health and recovery.
Why Choose Minnerva Clinic?
Experienced female gynecologist
Our clinic is led by Dr. Pragya Gupta (MBBS, MD-OBGYN, DNB, FCG), a highly qualified and experienced gynecologist and cancer care specialist.
Calm, respectful approach
Our entire team is committed to providing care in a calm, private, and respectful manner, ensuring you feel comfortable and heard.
Safe and private tests
All our tests are conducted with the utmost attention to your safety and privacy. We use modern equipment and follow strict hygiene protocols.
Support for anxiety, fear, or confusion
Our team is trained to offer not just medical advice but also emotional support, patiently answering your questions and alleviating your worries.
Regular monitoring plans available
For women with ongoing risk factors like PCOS, we can set up personalized regular monitoring plans to keep a close eye on their uterine health.
Clear, simple explanations
We pride ourselves on explaining complex medical information in plain, easy-to-understand language. You will always leave feeling informed.
No pressure, only guidance
We present all your options clearly without any pressure. Your decisions about your health are always respected and supported.
Women-led for women
Being a women-led clinic means we bring a unique understanding and empathy to your care, fostering an environment where you feel truly seen.
Testimonials
"I was experiencing irregular bleeding even after menopause, which scared me a lot. Minnerva Clinic was so kind. They did an ultrasound and then a biopsy, and found the problem early. I got treated without delay, and I'm so grateful for their quick action and care."
"I've had PCOS for years and didn't realize it put me at higher risk for uterine cancer. Dr. Gupta explained everything calmly and recommended regular scans. Their early scan saved me a lot of fear and helped me get on the right track with my health."
"My periods became extremely heavy after 40, and I was always tired. The team here listened patiently and recommended tests. They were so gentle, and the results helped us find a simple solution. I feel so much better now."
Frequently Asked Questions
Is uterine cancer common?
Endometrial (uterine) cancer is one of the most common cancers affecting women's reproductive organs, especially after menopause. However, the good news is that it often has early warning signs (like unusual bleeding), which means it's frequently caught at an early stage when it's very treatable.
Do I need a test if I have PCOS?
If you have PCOS (Polycystic Ovary Syndrome), you might have a higher risk of developing endometrial changes due to hormonal imbalances. It's often recommended to have regular check-ups, which might include an ultrasound or, in some cases, an endometrial biopsy, especially if you have irregular or very infrequent periods. Your doctor at Minnerva Clinic can advise you on the best screening plan.
What if I bleed after menopause – is it always serious?
Any bleeding or spotting after menopause (when you haven't had a period for 12 continuous months) is not normal and should always be checked by a doctor right away. While it can sometimes be caused by less serious issues, it is the most common symptom of endometrial cancer, so it's crucial to get it investigated promptly, just to be safe.
Will I need surgery right away?
Not necessarily. If early changes (like hyperplasia) or very early-stage cancer are found, there are often different treatment options available, which can include medication, simple procedures, or, if necessary, surgery. Your doctor will discuss all your choices with you clearly and calmly, without any pressure, helping you decide what's best.
Can I get this checked if I’m scared?
Absolutely. It's completely normal to feel scared or anxious about these tests. Our all-women team at Minnerva Clinic understands this. We provide a calm, supportive, and non-judgmental environment where you can talk openly about your fears. We will explain every step gently and ensure you feel as comfortable as possible during your visit.
Are the tests painful?
The Transvaginal Ultrasound (TVS) is generally painless, though you might feel some pressure. An Endometrial Biopsy can cause some brief cramping, similar to period pain, but it's very quick. If a Hysteroscopy is needed, it might involve mild sedation to ensure your comfort. Our team always aims to make your experience as comfortable as possible.
Related Services to Link
PCOS Management – Learn more about managing Polycystic Ovary Syndrome, which can impact your endometrial health.
Cancer Screening – Cervix & Vagina – Explore other important screenings for your overall gynecologic health.
Management of Precancerous Lesions – Understand what happens if abnormal cells are found in other areas, like your cervix.
Oncology Counselling – If you need a safe space to talk openly about your fears, test results, or next steps in your care.
Medical & Surgical Cancer Care – For comprehensive treatment options if deeper medical or surgical support is needed.