PCOS/PCOD Diagnosis – TVS, TAS & Hormonal Evaluation at Minnerva Clinic
Understanding Your Symptoms. Getting Accurate Answers. Finding the Right Path Forward.
If you're experiencing irregular periods, unexplained weight changes, excessive hair growth, or persistent acne, you might be dealing with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) – one of the most common hormonal disorders affecting women of reproductive age. At Minnerva Clinic, we understand that living with undiagnosed PCOS can be frustrating, confusing, and emotionally challenging.
PCOS affects up to 10% of women worldwide, yet many cases go undiagnosed for years. Early and accurate diagnosis is essential for preventing long-term complications such as infertility, insulin resistance, diabetes, heart disease, and endometrial cancer. The sooner we identify PCOS, the more effectively we can help you manage your symptoms and protect your long-term health.
Our comprehensive diagnostic approach combines advanced ultrasound technology, detailed hormonal testing, and expert clinical evaluation to provide you with clear, definitive answers about your reproductive health. Led by Dr. Pragya Gupta, our women-focused team creates a supportive environment where you can discuss your concerns openly and receive personalized care tailored to your unique needs.
If you're experiencing irregular periods, hair growth, or acne, it's time to get evaluated.
What is PCOS/PCOD?
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) and Polycystic Ovarian Disease (PCOD) are terms often used interchangeably, though PCOS is the more accurate medical terminology. This complex hormonal disorder affects the ovaries and disrupts normal reproductive function, leading to a wide range of symptoms that can significantly impact your quality of life.
PCOS is characterized by hormonal imbalances that affect ovulation, insulin processing, and androgen (male hormone) levels. Despite its name, not all women with PCOS have cysts on their ovaries. Instead, what appears as "cysts" on ultrasound are immature follicles that haven't developed properly due to hormonal disruptions.
Common PCOS Symptoms Include:
- Menstrual Irregularities: The most common symptom is irregular or absent periods, cycles longer than 35 days, or heavy bleeding.
- Weight Changes: Many women struggle with weight gain, particularly around the midsection, and find it extremely difficult to lose weight due to insulin resistance.
- Excessive Hair Growth (Hirsutism): Unwanted hair growth on the face, chest, back, or buttocks affects up to 70% of women with PCOS.
- Acne and Oily Skin: Hormonal acne, particularly along the jawline and chin, is common and often resistant to typical treatments.
- Mood Changes and Mental Health: PCOS is associated with higher rates of depression, anxiety, and mood swings.
- Fertility Challenges: PCOS is one of the leading causes of female infertility due to irregular or absent ovulation.
- Hair Loss: Some women experience male-pattern baldness or thinning hair on the scalp.
PCOS develops due to a combination of genetic, hormonal, and environmental factors. Insulin resistance affects up to 70% of women with PCOS, creating a cycle where high insulin levels stimulate excess androgen production, further disrupting normal ovarian function.
How is PCOS Diagnosed?
At Minnerva Clinic, we follow the internationally recognized Rotterdam Criteria, which requires the presence of at least two of the following three features:
- Irregular or Absent Ovulation: Determined through menstrual history, with cycles longer than 35 days or fewer than eight periods per year.
- Clinical or Biochemical Signs of Elevated Androgens: Clinical signs include hirsutism, acne, or male-pattern hair loss. Biochemical evidence comes from blood tests showing elevated androgen levels.
- Polycystic Ovaries on Ultrasound: Imaging reveals 12 or more small follicles in each ovary, increased ovarian volume, or both, often in a "string of pearls" appearance.
Before diagnosing PCOS, we must rule out other conditions that can mimic PCOS symptoms, such as thyroid disorders, hyperprolactinemia, or congenital adrenal hyperplasia. This is why comprehensive hormonal testing is crucial.
Ultrasound for PCOS – TVS vs. TAS
TVS (Transvaginal Sonography)
- Higher Accuracy: Provides superior image quality and more accurate follicle counting.
- Preferred Method: Recommended for sexually active women for the clearest visualization.
- Optimal Timing: Best performed between days 2-5 of the menstrual cycle.
- Detailed Assessment: Allows precise measurement of ovarian volume and endometrial thickness.
- Comfort: Generally well-tolerated with minimal discomfort.
- No Preparation: Does not require a full bladder.
TAS (Transabdominal Sonography)
- Appropriate for All: Suitable for unmarried women, adolescents, or those who prefer external scanning.
- Full Bladder Required: Requires drinking water before the examination.
- Good Alternative: While less detailed, TAS still provides valuable diagnostic information.
- Non-invasive: Completely external and comfortable procedure.
- Supplementary Information: May be used in combination with TVS for a comprehensive assessment.
The choice between TVS and TAS depends on your circumstances and comfort level. Dr. Pragya Gupta will discuss both options with you to determine the most appropriate approach.
What Does the Doctor Look For on Ultrasound?
"String of Pearls" Appearance
The classic finding of 12 or more small follicles arranged around the periphery of each ovary.
Increased Ovarian Volume
Enlarged ovaries with a volume greater than 10 cubic centimeters is a characteristic sign.
Stromal Changes
The supportive tissue of the ovary may appear thickened and brighter, reflecting increased androgen production.
Follicle Distribution
In PCOS, follicles tend to be concentrated around the ovary's periphery, creating the characteristic appearance.
Endometrial Assessment
We evaluate the uterine lining, as irregular cycles can lead to changes that need monitoring.
Absence of Dominant Follicle
In PCOS, the normal selection process is disrupted, and no single follicle becomes dominant.
Hormonal & Metabolic Blood Tests
Core Reproductive Hormones
We test LH, FSH, and AMH to assess ovarian function and reserve. An elevated LH:FSH ratio is common in PCOS.
Androgen Levels
We measure Total & Free Testosterone, DHEAS, and Androstenedione to get a complete picture of androgen activity.
Metabolic Assessment
Tests like Fasting Insulin, Fasting Glucose, and HbA1c are critical for identifying insulin resistance and diabetes risk.
Additional Hormonal Tests
We test TSH and Prolactin to rule out other conditions that can mimic PCOS symptoms.
Nutritional & Cardiovascular Markers
A Lipid Profile assesses cardiovascular risk, while Vitamin D and B12 levels are checked as they are often low in women with PCOS.
Our Diagnostic Process at Minnerva Clinic
When Should You Get Checked for PCOS?
Early diagnosis can prevent long-term complications. Consider an evaluation if you experience:
- Menstrual Irregularities: Cycles longer than 35 days, fewer than eight periods per year, or missed periods.
- Unexplained Weight Gain: Or extreme difficulty losing weight despite diet and exercise efforts.
- Fertility Challenges: Trying to conceive for 6-12 months without success.
- Excessive Hair Growth or Persistent Acne: Especially if it's new, worsening, or resistant to typical treatments.
- Mood Changes and Fatigue: Persistent mood swings, depression, anxiety, or unexplained fatigue.
- Family History: If your mother or sister has PCOS, you're at increased risk.
Meet Dr. Pragya Gupta – PCOS Specialist
Dr. Pragya Gupta brings over 10 years of specialized experience in diagnosing and treating PCOS. With qualifications including MBBS, MD-OBGYN, DNB, and FCG, she combines advanced medical training with a deeply empathetic approach to women's health.
Rather than focusing solely on symptom management, Dr. Gupta takes a comprehensive approach that addresses the root causes of PCOS. She integrates medical treatment with lifestyle counseling, nutritional guidance, and emotional support. She takes time to explain your condition thoroughly, answer all your questions, and involve you in every aspect of your treatment planning, empowering you to take an active role in your health.
Why Choose Minnerva Clinic?
Women-Led Healthcare Team
Our clinic creates a comfortable, judgment-free environment where you can discuss sensitive topics openly.
Advanced Diagnostic Technology
We use state-of-the-art ultrasound and partner with leading labs to ensure the most accurate results.
Comprehensive Care Approach
We offer integrated care that includes medical management, nutritional counseling, and lifestyle coaching.
Personalized Treatment Plans
Our plans are customized based on your specific symptoms, goals, and lifestyle, ensuring care that fits your needs.
Ongoing Support and Education
Our commitment extends beyond diagnosis, providing ongoing support and resources to help you manage PCOS long-term.
Privacy and Comfort
Our clinic provides a private, comfortable environment where you can feel safe sharing your concerns.
Real Patient Success Stories
"I had been struggling with irregular periods and weight gain for years. Dr. Pragya's thorough evaluation revealed PCOS with insulin resistance. With her treatment plan, my periods became regular within four months, and I finally started losing weight. I wish I had found her sooner!"
"I was so embarrassed about the hair growth on my face and persistent acne. Dr. Pragya was incredibly understanding. Within six months of her treatment, my skin cleared up, and the hair growth slowed down. I finally feel confident again."
"My husband and I had been trying to conceive for two years. Dr. Pragya diagnosed PCOS, which explained our fertility challenges. She started me on ovulation induction, and I got pregnant in my third cycle! Her expertise and support made all the difference."
Frequently Asked Questions
Q. Can PCOS be diagnosed by ultrasound alone?
No. While ultrasound is a key tool, a definitive diagnosis requires a comprehensive evaluation of your symptoms, a physical exam, and hormonal blood tests to rule out other conditions.
Q. Is TVS painful or uncomfortable?
TVS is generally well-tolerated and causes minimal discomfort, similar to a routine gynecological exam. The procedure is quick, and most patients find it much more comfortable than they expected.
Q. How many ultrasound scans will I need for diagnosis?
Typically, one ultrasound scan is sufficient for diagnosis, preferably performed between days 2-5 of your menstrual cycle. Follow-up scans may be needed to monitor treatment response.
Q. Can PCOS be diagnosed if I have regular periods?
Yes, it's possible. Some women with PCOS ovulate regularly but still have elevated androgen levels or polycystic ovaries. If you have other symptoms like hirsutism or acne, it's worth getting evaluated.
Q. Do I need to fast before blood tests for PCOS?
Yes, fasting for 8-12 hours is required for certain tests, particularly those measuring glucose and insulin levels. We will provide specific instructions for your tests.
Q. Is it possible to be misdiagnosed with PCOS?
Misdiagnosis can occur if the evaluation isn't comprehensive. Other conditions like thyroid or adrenal disorders can mimic PCOS. This is why we perform thorough testing to rule out other conditions first.
Related PCOS Services at Minnerva Clinic
PCOS Treatment Plans – Comprehensive, Personalized Therapy for Your PCOS Type.
PCOS Nutrition Counseling – Anti-Inflammatory, Insulin-Friendly Meal Planning.
PCOS Medical Management – Hormonal Regulation and Cycle Optimization.
Lean PCOS Treatment – Specialized Care for Non-Obese Women with PCOS.
Laser Hair Removal for PCOS – Advanced Treatment for Hirsutism.
PCOS Fertility Treatment – Comprehensive Reproductive Support.
You Don't Have to Live with Uncertainty
Living with undiagnosed PCOS symptoms can be exhausting and emotionally draining. The irregular periods, weight struggles, and persistent acne don't have to be your norm. With accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment, you can manage your symptoms effectively and protect your long-term health.
Ready to take control of your health? Get the answers you deserve. Don't wait another day wondering what's wrong.
Other Important Links
PCOS/PCOD Diagnosis treatments in Lucknow
Things to Know before any PCOS/PCOD Diagnosis treatments
Our Clinic Location in Lucknow
Meet Dr Pragya Gupta (MBBS, MD, DNB Obstetrician and Gynaecologist)
Contact Minnerva Clinic